“California’s greatest contribution to Western culture,” Woody Allen is said to have observed, “is the legal right turn on a red light.”
The accuracy of Mr. Allen’s Manhattan-centric snub of the West Coast is debatable. But so, too, is his suggestion that allowing drivers to make right turns on red is a positive thing.
Most American drivers, other than people of a certain age who grew up on the East Coast, are probably baffled that anyone would question this basic right, which they no doubt believe is enshrined somewhere in the Constitution.
It’s true that we Americans (except those of us who live in New York City) have been making right turns on red for a long time—beginning with drivers in the State of California in 1939. Other Western states soon followed California’s lead, with those in the East being slower to adapt. Finally, federal legislation prompted by the 1970s energy crises and signed by President Gerald Ford made right-turn-on-red the norm nationwide.
(Interestingly, this artifact of the 70s energy crunch remains intact long after the national 55-mph speed limit, estimated to have saved about 167,000 barrels of oil per day, was eliminated. But I digress.)
Outside of North America, however, right-turn-on-red is not recognized as a universal human right. European Union countries, for instance, generally forbid it outright—much to the consternation of visiting American motorists, and much to the delight of visiting American pedestrians.
What’s so wrong with right turns on red, anyway? Well, nothing, if you transport yourself entirely by automobile. But for pedestrians and cyclists it’s something else entirely.
How many times have you been about to step into a crosswalk, only to be driven back by a right-turning driver rolling through the red light without looking in your direction? Cyclists who use bike paths that parallel city streets face the same danger. When I rode my bike to work on the Alaskan Way pedestrian-bike path in downtown Seattle, I probably would have gotten nailed twice a day by right-turning drivers if I hadn’t been on the lookout.
Recent North American statistics, insofar as they are available and accurate, suggest that right-turn-on-red drivers don’t kill a large number of pedestrians and cyclists. But maybe that’s just because American pedestrians and cyclists are constantly on the lookout for errant motorists. Our motto: “Paranoia breeds confidence.”
Other than reducing the paranoia factor of urban American pedestrians (a laudable goal in-and-of-itself), what would banning right turns on red–say, at specific intersections with high pedestrian and bicycle traffic–accomplish?
First, it would allow bicyclists to be given an “advance stop line” [aka “bike box“] allowing them to wait at red lights ahead of motorists where they are more visible without having to watch their back. This is common in Europe (and has been tried in Portland as well).
Second, it would allow engineers to time traffic signals to give pedestrians and cyclists an “advance green,” allowing them to lay claim to the crosswalk and street space (and thereby be more visible) a few seconds before cars started turning right. This is common in pedestrian and cycle-friendly countries like Denmark.
It would even allow cyclists and pedestrians at particularly busy intersections to have their own “protected signal phases,” when they could cross the but cars would be forbidden altogether from turning right. The Netherlands in particular makes use of this technique, in both urban and suburban settings.
I’ll grant you: this would be a hard- sell in our auto-centric society. But in a country with abysmally-low cycling rates and where the pedestrian deserves endangered-species protection, maybe it’s time to start questioning some of our basic driving assumptions.
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6 Comments
Another issue I’ve discovered with RTOR as the norm is that people will, intentionally or unintentionally, make RTOR at intersections that forbid them with the “no turn on red” signs. As a cyclist, these intersections are even worst because it’s so often hard to predict if a driver will actually run the red or not. Many of them will do the usual “sit in the crosswalk maneuver” but some will spontaneously make the turn from behind the stop line. We really need to have a serious discussion about RTOR reform if we want our living environments to be a more pleasant and safe place.
But even in North America, as I have read, RTOR is not permitted at all intersections.
“How many times have you been about to step into a crosswalk, only to be driven back by a right-turning driver rolling through the red light without looking in your direction?”
Even if they don't look in your direction, they should still be able to see the pedestrian light. If you start to cross on a flashing or solid orange hand, you have no excuse for not being stopped from doing so by a right turing driver entering from a stopped position. Wait for a white man!
If the driver sees a white man it should be clear that pedestrains might be crossing.
I think its time to do the New York thing. RTOR's can be quie effective in bad weather conditions like snow and ice. But honestly that is not what people have been useing them for. I, myself nearly got hit by cars making right on red turns while just trying to cross the street. One time I was forced to wait nearly 10 whole minutes just to cross the street because a whole bunch of cars did off to my left side were making RTOR turns. Non of them cared or even bothered to communicate with me the fact that I got the green light to safely and legally cross the street. And when I got fed up and just started to cross the street the driver that was turning stopped suddenly and blarred his horn at me. I pointed to the cross walk light that it was telling me that I have every right to safely cross the street and that he should stop. He just drove off glarring at me.
In my opinion, right turn on red (RTOR) breeds impatience in motorists. Examples: (1) I have had way too many close calls as a pedestrian with hurried drivers attempting RTOR and disregarding my presence in the crosswalk; (2) As a motorist and cyclist, I get pressured (via a honk of the horn)to make a RTOR, whether or not that is my intended direction of travel; (3) As a motorist–but especially as a cyclist–I am often forced to slow down when I have the right-of-way through an intersection because some antsy driver misjudges my speed and distance when they take a RTOR. I think it's time to put some limits on it.
This former East-coaster gives this idea a thumbs-down. Right on red is like expressing your freedom of movement, whether in car or on bicycle. Look both ways while walking and you'll be fine.
Even right-turns at *green* lights can be just as hair-raising for me as a pedestrian. I like the ideas of advance green and “protected signal phases” a lot. Thanks for raising this issue.